Medical Portal

Research center “Nanomedik” has received the patent for manufacture of the bandage named “clever”.

Biologically active bandage will help with treatment of deep wounds, cartilages, regeneration of skin and bone tissues.

Medical bandages are created on a basis of nanotechnology, is said in the report of Radio “Prague”.

According to representative of “Nanomedik” Susan Pekarkova, treatment will be conducted by means of local chemical reactions stimulation at a molecular level.

Fifteen private companies and six scientific institutes took part in the work above creation of new medical bandages.

The majority of the patients requiring transplantation of organs die because of lack of donor kidneys. Therefore the given research is vital, as it gives hope to such patients for the further life with artificial, but functionally capable organ.

The work was conducted at the University of Tokyo on mice which did not have the gene responsible for formation of kidneys. Embryos of such mice received embryonic stem cells with normal genic number. As a result mice had normal kidneys. Scientists mark, that this is the first research on cultivation of an artificial kidney.

The next stage will be transplantation of the organs, which were grown this way to check up their functional ability. Conducting of similar experiment on larger animals - cows or pigs - is in the long term prospects.

The 46-years old inhabitant of Bonn (Germany) is HIV-positive for 22 years, but on assurances of the doctors, she will never die from AIDS, informs Spiegel-online.

The name of the German is not disclosed on ethical reasons. However it is known, that early in life the patient took drugs, that, most likely, has led to HIV infection. In 1985 the virus of an immunodeficiency has been found out in the blood of her husband, and 2 years later he has died. But her daughter who has been born already after the diagnosis, is absolutely healthy.

Examinations of the patient have shown, that her blood contains more T-helpers, than has the majority of not infected with HIV people. T-helpers are cells which control the immune reply of an organism and direct other cells to destruct activators and infected cells. Virus of immunodeficiency usually destroys them. At the same time the newest tests have show, that blood of the woman contains antibodies to HIV, hence, she is infected.

Experts inform that genes of the German can give a key to an effective medicine for AIDS, which has already killed about 25 million people.

The University of Florida develops a computer microchip which is able to help patients with such illnesses as a paralysis and epilepsy. For this purpose it should be implanted into a brain.
Principle of operation of this technology is the following: the chip “connected” to certain neurons of the brain, at the mental command transfers the necessary signals to organs and limbs of the person. It can force neurons to work correctly - for example, in a case of epileptic seizure. It can allow also a paralyzed person to manipulate with a mechanical limb.
Nowadays this technology is tested on rats. It is planned, that the “human” variant of this microchip will appear in four years. For this purpose it is required to decipher precisely signals which are transferred by a brain, so that the chip could decipher precisely the commands transferred by the force of a thought.

Scientists have developed the plaster for a cardiac muscle which stimulates growth of heart cells after cardiac infarction, informs HealthDay News.
The plaster successfully tested on rats, can be essentially new method of regeneration of the damaged cardiac tissues, and perhaps, an alternative of heart transplantation to some patients, claim scientists from cardiology department of the Boston Children’s Hospital. Their research has been published in Nature Medicine.
In usual conditions the myocardium (cardiac muscle) of the adult person does not regenerate after a heart attack, and the damaged area is replaced by a healing (scar) tissue, that reduces contractile muscle ability.
The research group headed by Bernhard Kuhn, tried to develop a technique stimulating cardiac tissues to production of new cells. For this purpose scientists have created a plaster from the porous absorbing gelatin saturate with periostin.
Periostin is regulatory albumen contained in periosteum and parodentium. Its function is stimulation of osteoblast to division and production of bone stock. Influenced by periostin heart cells also start to divide, that promote growth of normal cardiac tissue in the damaged area.
Tests have shown, that the damaged area decreased in sizes and received blood from more vessels, and the amount of cardiac cells increased in 100 times.
Advantage of the new technique is that it does not need application of stem or other cells for tissue growth stimulation. Besides, it does not mean influence on the genic cell system, i.e. is not a genic therapy.

American scientists have successfully tested on mice essentially new tactics of adiposity treatment. According to the researchers, an injection of the preparation blocked action of well-known neuropeptide and in short terms helped animals to get rid of the most dangerous to health depot visceral fat.
As it appeared, injections in an adipose tissue of the substance blocking interacting with neuropeptide Y receptors NPY2R, have caused fast reduction of depot fat. Within two weeks animals have lost approximately 40 % of visceral fat.
In opinion of the researchers, their method of struggle with adiposity can make in the future a worthy competition to surgical operations on weight loss. Certainly, for this purpose blocking action of neuropeptide Y preparations have to be recognized safe for patients.
One more supervision of scientists can appear useful to cosmeticians: regular neuropeptide Y injections provoked again fast fat accumulation in places of its introduction. According to the scientists, this effect can in the future be successfully used in plastic surgery.

Russian and American scientists managed to receive the cells similar on their properties to stem cells of embryos, from unfertilized ovules of a human being.
Researchers from the Moscow Center of obstetrics, gynecology and perinatology of the Russian Academy of Medical Science and corporations Lifeline Cell Technology managed to bring up 6 lines of stem cells from blastocysts, formed as a result of donor ovules division, unfertilized by spermatozoons. The received cells possess morphological and biochemical properties of stem cells of a usual human embryos and a normal double set of chromosomes (23 pairs).
Analysis of stem cells’ DNA has confirmed their tissue compatibility with an organism of women - donors. It means that it is possible to implant such cells to the parent ovules’ donor in the therapeutic purposes without risk of graft rejection. Stem cells received from the usual embryos have unique genotype and consequently can be rejected by the immune system of the patient.
Earlier scientists managed to receive stem cells from mice’s and monkeys’ unfertilized ovules, however similar experiments with human tissues until recently have no results.

It is informed, that German scientists have developed and successfully tested fundamentally new tactics of struggle against HIV. Synthesized by them enzyme is able to reveal and destroy genes of the virus been built - in the DNA of infected cells.
Modern anti-retroviral therapy prevents HIV multiplication, but cannot destroy it completely. Other, more remote prospects are connected to development of preparations and vaccines blocking penetration of virus particles in a cell.
Destruction of a virus in cells already seized by it until recently considered an unrealizable task.
Synthesized by German researchers from Dresden Max Planck institute and Hamburg Institute of experimental virology and immunology enzyme named Tre-recombinase is able to identify a number of HIV - 1 genes in DNA of the infected cells and to modify them in such a manner that creation of new copies of a virus becomes impossible. Laboratory experiments have shown, that enzyme completely clears the infected HIV culture of human cells within three months.

The British biotechnological company Intercytex which has developed an artificial skin, has declared successful end of clinical tests early phase. The piece of a skin called ICX-SKN, transplanted to healthy volunteers, has provided healing of small wounds within 28 days.
ICX-SKN is created on the basis of fibrin (albumen of blood coagulative systems) and fibroblasts (the cells included in a skin of a person). At connection of these components cells start to develop collagen - the albumen which makes the fibrous basis steadier. This process reproduces the natural process of wounds healing in an organism of the person. In such stable form the artificial skin is implanted into an area of damage.
6 healthy volunteers have taken part in ICX-SKN’s testing. The piece of an artificial skin created in laboratory was placed on the shoulder by means of special sterile bands.
After four weeks bandages were removed. For this time wounds have completely skinned over with small scars, informed the head of research Paul Kemp. As he said, the subsequent laboratory research revealed no essential differences between samples of a “old” and “new” skin.

The group of the Japanese scientists informed that created from membranes of hepatic tissues artificial liver worked more than 200 days in an organism of the mouse.
The group of scientists headed by the senior lecturer of the Tokyo female medical university Kadzuo Ohasi managed to cultivate in the special container a hepatic tissue of the laboratory mouse. From the received tissues experts created membranes 1,18 inches in diameter, and 0,0008 inches thick.
After the creation of membranes researchers grafted them under a skin on a back of the mouse and later established, that membranes of an artificial liver could function, developing protein named albumin and dissolving medicines.
Scientists mark, that this is the first case in the world practice when the artificial liver, grafted to an animal, worked for such a long time.
According to senior lecturer Ohasi, membranes of hepatic tissue can help with treatment of various hepatic diseases. Therefore his group will continue researches and will focus their work on applying this method on people.